Transient luminous event phenomena and energetic particles impacting the upper atmosphere: Russian space experiment programs

Luminous Phenomena of Earthquakes: Observations and Theories

Over the past few years, different theories (piezoelectric, positive holes, friction-vaporization, exo-electron emission, tribo- or fracture electrification) have been presented for the interpretation of earthquake lights. Although these theories can interpret earthquake luminous, each suffer from particular problems. There are also ambiguities and questions about the location of the light, the...

Energetic oxygen in the upper atmosphere and the laboratory.

Energetic particles and magnetohydrodynamic activity in the Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment

Results from the Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment ~SSX! @M. R. Brown, Phys. Plasmas 6, 1717 ~1999!# indicate that formation and partial merging of two spheromak plasmas can be described well by a magnetohydrodynamic ~MHD! picture in which there is substantial evolution towards force free states within each vessel, while reconnection activity, also described reasonably well by MHD, occurs in the ...

Energetic Phenomena on the Sun

AbstracL Solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), solar energetic particles (SEPs), and fast solar wind rqrresent the energetic phenomera on the Sun. Flares and CMEs originate from closed magnetic field shuctures on the Sun typically found in active regions and quiescent filamant regions. On the other hand, fast solar wind originates from open field regions on the Sun, identified as coronal...

Space weather driven changes in lower atmosphere phenomena

6 During a period of heliospheric disturbance in 2007-9 associated with a co-rotating interaction 7 region (CIR), a characteristic periodic variation becomes apparent in neutron monitor data. This 8 variation is phase locked to periodic heliospheric current sheet crossings. Phase-locked electrical 9 variations are also seen in the terrestrial lower atmosphere in the southern UK, including an in...